Introduction
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Purpose of the Manual
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This user manual aims to provide comprehensive operating guidelines and technical details for the quantum operating system "Origin PilotOS".
The primary audience includes the following groups:

- **Quantum Computing Research Teams:** Researchers focused on quantum computing theory, algorithm optimization, and quantum hardware-software integration. They use Origin PilotOS as an experimental platform to test and validate new quantum algorithms or architectures.
- **Quantum Information Scientists:** Researchers in fields such as quantum cryptography, quantum communication, and quantum networks, who utilize Origin PilotOS to manage and orchestrate complex experimental tasks.
- **Quantum Application Developers:** Individuals and teams developing quantum programs or tools, using Origin PilotOS for efficient programming, debugging, and algorithm testing.
- **Technology Companies and Startups:** Enterprises focused on quantum hardware development or quantum software platforms, using Origin PilotOS to manage hardware resources, optimize performance, or use it as infrastructure for providing quantum computing services.
- **National Laboratories and Policy Makers:** Government-funded research laboratories using Origin PilotOS to advance quantum technology research and support national innovation strategies.

This manual is designed to help these users effectively understand, operate, and manage the Origin PilotOS system.

System Overview
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Quantum computing is a novel computing paradigm combining quantum mechanicsand computer science. It utilizes qubits as the fundamental unit of computation, lever-aging quantum phenomena such as superposition, entanglement, and measurement toachieve exponential acceleration over classical computing on specific problems. Quan-tum computing has significant advantages in fields like asymmetric encryption cracking,quantum chemistry, financial modeling, and machine learning.

In recent years, the scale and quality of quantum chips have developed rapidly. Thelatest superconducting quantum chips have reached 443 qubits (e.g., IBM's "ibm-seattle"chip), and it is expected that superconducting chips will surpass 1,000 qubits in the next few years. Meanwhile, quantum chip technologies based on different physical platforms arealso developing in parallel, each possessing unique advantages in computational efficiency,fidelity, and stability.

Managing quantum computing resources at a large scale of qubits, efficiently schedul-ing tasks, and achieving heterogeneous multi-backend quantum computing and quantum-classical hybrid computing are critical challenges that must be addressed in the development of practical quantum computing systems. PilotOS is China's first quantum com-puting operating system. Its core objective is to achieve highly efficient quantum-classicalhybrid computing. The system consists of key components including quantum circuitcompilation and optimization, quantum resource management, quantum task scheduling,system monitoring, and backend quantum computing services. It supports integratedcomputing across heterogeneous quantum backends and provides users with full-stackquantum computing services through the open-source quantum programming framework **PyQPanda**.

Terminology and Abbreviations
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The following are key technical terms and abbreviations used in this manual:

- **QPU (Quantum Processing Unit):** The quantum counterpart of a classical CPU, responsible for executing quantum operations on quantum hardware.
- **NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum):** Refers to the current era of quantum computing, characterized by devices with dozens to hundreds of qubits that are susceptible to noise and errors, limiting their computational reliability and scalability.
- **Qubit (Quantum Bit):** The basic unit of quantum information, capable of existing in a superposition of |0> and |1> states.
- **Quantum Superposition:** The principle that allows a quantum system to be in multiple states simultaneously until measured.
- **Quantum Entanglement:** A phenomenon where two or more qubits become correlated such that the state of one cannot be described independently of the others, even when separated by large distances.
- **PyQPanda:** An open-source quantum programming framework that allows users to write, simulate, and execute quantum programs on various quantum backends.